George Santayana on
history
[PHOTO SOURCE: http://izquotes.com/quote/162594]
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QUOTE: Those who cannot remember the past
are condemned to repeat it.
This
famous statement has produced many paraphrases and variants:
- Those who cannot learn from history are doomed to repeat it.
- Those who do not remember their past are condemned to repeat their mistakes.
- Those who do not read history are doomed to repeat it.
- Those who fail to learn from the mistakes of their predecessors are destined to repeat them.
- Those who do not know history's mistakes are doomed to repeat them.
AUTHOR: George
Santayana AKA Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, known as
George Santayana (December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952), was a
philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. Though a lifelong Spanish citizen,
Santayana was raised and educated in the United States and identified himself
as an American, although he always kept a valid Spanish passport. He wrote in
English and is generally considered an American man of letters. At the age of
forty-eight, Santayana left his position at Harvard and returned to Europe
permanently, never to return to the United States. His last wish was to be
buried in the Spanish pantheon in Rome.
Santayana is known
for famous sayings, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are
condemned to repeat it", or "Only the dead have seen the end of
war." Santayana, like many philosophers since the late nineteenth century,
was a naturalist (that is, he denied the existence of supernatural beings, like
gods and ghosts), but he found profound meaning in literary writings and in
religious ideas and texts (which he regarded as fundamentally akin to
literature). Santayana was a broad ranging cultural critic whose observations
spanned many disciplines. He said that he stood in philosophy "exactly
where [he stood] in daily life."
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