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National Day of Remembrance for
Murder Victims
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For this year’s 2018 National Day of Remembrance for Murder Victims,
Unit 1012 will remember more than 1500 murdered victims + victims of war crimes
from the United States and around the world. Let us remember how they lived on
this earth and treasure their memories.
"So long as we live, they too shall live and love for they are a part of us as we remember them."- Gates of Prayer
For this observance, we will present murdered victims
from 1900 to 1980:
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William
McKinley on remembering heroes
[PHOTO
SOURCE: http://www.azquotes.com/quote/675435]
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1. William McKinley
(January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901), the 25th President of
the United States.
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| Paul Schneider as a student |
2. Paul Robert
Schneider (August 29, 1897 – July 18, 1939) was an Evangelical
Church of the old-Prussian Union pastor who was the first Protestant minister
to be martyred by the Nazis. He was murdered with a strophanthin injection at
Buchenwald.
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| Memorial to the children of Lidice in the park in front of the museum. |
On this date, July 2, 1942, all of the remaining
81 Lidice children were handed over to the Łódź Gestapo office, who in turn had
them transported to the extermination camp at Chełmno 70 kilometers (43.5
miles) away, where they were gassed to death in Magirus gas vans. Out of the
105 Lidice children, 82 died in Chełmno, six died in the German Lebensborn
orphanages and 17 returned home.
A sculpture from the 1990s by Marie Uchytilová stands today overlooking the site of the old village of Lidice. Entitled "The Memorial to the Children Victims of the War" it comprises 82 bronze statues of children (42 girls and 40 boys) aged 1 to 16 to honour the children who were executed at Chełmno in the summer of 1942. A cross with a crown of thorns marks the mass grave of the Lidice men. Overlooking the site is a memorial area flanked by a museum and a small exhibition hall. The memorial area is linked to the new village by an avenue of linden trees. In 1955 a "Rosarium" of 29,000 rose bushes was created beside the avenue of lindens overlooking the site of the old village. In the 1990s the Rosarium was neglected, but after 2001 a new Rosarium with 21,000 bushes was designed and created. Situated 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the museum, in the new village, is an art gallery which displays permanent and temporary exhibitions. The annual children's art competition attracts entries worldwide.
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| Janusz Korczak and the children, memorial |
85. Janusz
Korczak, the pen name of Henryk Goldszmit (22 July 1878 or 1879 – August 1942), was a
Polish-Jewish educator, children's author, and pediatrician known as Pan
Doktor ("Mr. Doctor") or Stary Doktor ("Old
Doctor"). After spending many years working as director of an orphanage in
Warsaw, he refused freedom and stayed with his orphans when the institution was
sent from the Ghetto to
the Treblinka extermination camp, during the Grossaktion
Warsaw of 1942.
86. Franz
Reinisch SAC (February 1, 1903 - August
21, 1942) was a member of the Schoenstatt Movement. He was a Catholic priest
and refused to take the oath of allegiance to Hitler, for which he was
executed.
87. Bishop
Gorazd of Prague, given name Matěj Pavlík (May 26, 1879 –
September 4, 1942), was the hierarch of the revived Orthodox Church in Moravia,
the Church of Czechoslovakia, after World War I. During World War II, having
provided refuge for the assassins of SS-Obergruppenfuhrer Reinhard Heydrich,
called The Hangman of Prague, in the cathedral of Saints Cyril and Methodius in
Prague, Gorazd took full responsibility for protecting the patriots after the
Schutzstaffel found them in the crypt of the cathedral. This act guaranteed his
execution, thus his martyrdom, during the reprisals that followed. His feast
day is celebrated on August 22 (OC) or September 4 (NC).
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| Henio Zytomirski |
88. Henio
Zytomirski (Polish: Henio Żytomirski, Hebrew: הניו
ז'יטומירסקי; 25 March 1933 – 9 November
1942) was a Polish Jew born in Lublin, Poland who was murdered at the age of 9
in a gas chamber at Majdanek concentration camp, during the German Nazi
occupation of Poland. Henio became an icon of the Holocaust, not only in Lublin
but all over Poland. His life story became a part of the curriculum which
is learnt in the general education system in Poland. The "Letters to
Henio" project is held in Lublin since 2005. Henio Zytomirski is one of
the heroes of "The Primer" permanent exhibition at barrack 53 of the
Majdanek Museum, an exhibition which is dedicated to children who were in the
camp.
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| Sophie Scholl |
89. Sophia Magdalena Scholl
(9 May 1921 – 22 February 1943) was a German student and Christian
anti-Nazi political activist, active within the White Rose non-violent
resistance group in Nazi Germany.
She was
convicted of high treason after having been found distributing anti-war
leaflets at the University of Munich (LMU) with her brother Hans. As a result,
they were both executed by guillotine. Since the 1970s, Scholl has been
extensively commemorated for her anti-Nazi resistance work.
She was the
daughter of the liberal politician Robert Scholl, an ardent critic of the
Nazis.
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| Czesława Kwoka as an inmate at Auschwitz concentration camp in late 1942 or early 1943 Photograph credit: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum and Wilhelm Brasse |
90. Czesława Kwoka (15 August 1928 Wólka Złojecka – 12
March 1943 Auschwitz) was a Polish Catholic child who died in the Auschwitz
concentration camp at the age of 14. She was one of the thousands of child
victims of German World War II crimes against Poles. She died at
Auschwitz-Birkenau, in Poland, and is among those memorialized in the
Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum indoor exhibit called Block no. 6: Exhibition:
The Life of the Prisoners.
91-101. The Blessed
Martyrs of Nowogródek, also known as the Eleven
Nuns of Nowogródek or Sister Stella and Companions were a group of Roman
Catholic nuns from the Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth killed by the against
the Gestapo in August 1943 in present-day Belarus.
102. Blessed Franz
Jägerstätter, O.F.S., (in English also spelt
Jaegerstaetter) (20 May 1907 - 9 August 1943) (born as Franz Huber) was an
Austrian conscientious objector during World War II. Jägerstätter was sentenced
to death and executed. He was later declared a martyr and beatified by the
Catholic Church.
103. The Blessed Bernhard Lichtenberg (3 December 1875 – 5
November 1943) was a German Roman Catholic priest and theologian, who died
while in the custody of forces of the Third Reich.
He has been awarded the title of Righteous among the Nations, and has been
beatified by the Catholic Church.
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| Helmut Hesse the youngest martyr of the Confessing Church |
104. Pastor Helmut Hesse (May
11, 1916 to November 24, 1943). He was the youngest martyr of the Confessing
Church during World War II.
105. Tatyana Nikolayevna Savicheva
(Russian: Татья́на Никола́евна Са́вичева), commonly referred to as Tanya Savicheva
(January 23, 1930 – July 1, 1944) was a Russian child diarist who endured the
Siege of Leningrad during World War II.
106. Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, commonly referred to as
Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (German: [ˈklaʊs ˈʃɛŋk ˈɡʁaːf fɔn
ˈʃtaʊfənbɛɐ̯k]), Claus von Stauffenberg, or Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg (15
November 1907 – 21 July 1944), was a German army officer and aristocrat who was
one of the leading members of the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf
Hitler and remove the Nazi Party from power. Along with Henning von Tresckow and Hans Oster,
he was one of the central figures of the German
Resistance movement within the Wehrmacht.
For his involvement in the movement he was executed by firing squad shortly
after the failed attempt known as Operation Valkyrie.
107. Blessed
Sára Salkaházi, S.S.S. (Kassa, May 11, 1899
- Budapest, December 27, 1944), born as Sára Schalkház, was a Hungarian Roman Catholic
religious sister who saved the lives of approximately one hundred Jews during
World War II. Denounced and summarily executed by the Pro-Nazi Arrow Cross
Party, Salkaházi was beatified in 2006.
108-907. On this date, October 10, 1944, 800
children were gassed to death in Auschwitz Concentration Camp. Let us remember those
children in the holocaust.
908. Helmuth
James Graf von Moltke (11 March 1907 – 23 January 1945) was a German
jurist who, as a draftee in the German Abwehr, acted to subvert German
human-rights abuses of people in territories occupied by Germany during World
War II and subsequently became a founding member of the Kreisau Circle
resistance group, whose members opposed the government of Adolf Hitler in Nazi
Germany.
The Nazi
government executed von Moltke for treason, he having discussed with the
Kreisau Circle group the prospects for a Germany based on moral and democratic
principles that could develop after Hitler.
He was the
great-grandnephew of Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, the victorious commander in
the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian Wars, from whom he inherited the
Kreisau Estate in Prussian Silesia, now Krzyżowa in Poland.
909. Alfred
Delp (15 September 1907 in Mannheim, Grand
Duchy of Baden – 2 February 1945 in Berlin) was a German Jesuit priest and a
philosopher of the German Resistance. Part of the inner Kreisau Circle
resistance group, he is considered a significant figure in Catholic resistance
to Nazism. Implicated in the failed 1944 July Plot to overthrow the Nazi
dictator Adolf Hitler, Delp was arrested, and sentenced to death. He was
executed in 1945.
910. Anne
Frank
A.K.A Annelies Marie "Anne"
Frank (Dutch pronunciation: [ɑnəˈlis ˈɑnə maˈri frɑŋk], German
pronunciation: [anəliːs ˈanə maˈʁiː fʁaŋk], pronunciation (help·info); 12 June 1929 – early
March 1945) is one of the most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Her
wartime diary The Diary of a Young Girl has been the basis for several
plays and films. Born in the city of Frankfurt in Weimar Germany, she lived
most of her life in or near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. Born a German
national, Frank lost her citizenship in 1941. She gained international fame
posthumously after her diary was published. It documents her experiences hiding
during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
911. Dietrich Bonhoeffer
(German: [ˈdiːtʁɪç ˈboːnhœfɐ]; February 4, 1906 – April 9, 1945) was a German
Lutheran pastor, theologian, dissident anti-Nazi and founding member of the
Confessing Church. His writings on Christianity's role in the secular world
have become widely influential, and many have labelled his book The Cost of
Discipleship a modern classic.
Apart from
his theological writings, Bonhoeffer became known for his staunch resistance to
the Nazi dictatorship. He strongly opposed Hitler's euthanasia program and
genocidal persecution of the Jews. He was also involved in plans by members of
the Abwehr (the German Military Intelligence Office) to assassinate
Adolf Hitler. He was arrested in April 1943 by the Gestapo and executed by
hanging in April 1945 while imprisoned at a Nazi concentration camp, just 23
days before the German surrender.
912.
Friedrich
von Rabenau (10 October 1884 – 15 April 1945) was a
German career-soldier, general, theologian, and opponent of National Socialism.
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| Solomon Mikhoels |
913. Solomon (Shloyme) Mikhoels (16
March [O.S. 4 March] 1890 – 13 January 1948) was a Soviet Jewish
actor and the artistic director of the Moscow State Jewish Theater. Mikhoels
served as the chairman of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee during the Second
World War. However, as Joseph Stalin pursued an increasingly anti-Semitic
line after the War, Mikhoels' position as a leader of the Jewish community
led to increasing persecution from the Soviet state. In 1948, Mikhoels was
murdered on the orders of Stalin and his body was run over to create the
impression of a traffic accident.
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| Clockwise from top left: Peretz Markish, Itsik Feffer, Leyb Kvitko, Dovid Hofshteyn and Dovid Bergelson [PHOTO SOURCE: http://jewishcurrents.org/august-12-the-night-of-the-murdered-poets-2476] |
914-926. On this date, August 12, 1952, 13 prominent Jewish
intellectuals were murdered in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union. This case is also
known as The Night of The Murdered Poets.
Leib Kvitko (Russian: Лейб Квитко, Yiddish: לייב
קוויטקאָ)
(October 15, 1890 – August 12, 1952) was a prominent Yiddish poet, an
author of well-known children's poems and a member of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee (JAC). He was one
of the editors of Eynikayt (the JAC's newspaper) and of the Heymland, a literary magazine.
He was executed in Moscow on August 12, 1952 together with twelve other members
of the JAC, a massacre known as the Night of the Murdered Poets. Kvitko was
rehabilitated in 1955.
927. Emmett Louis Till (July 25,
1941 – August 28, 1955) was an African-American boy who was murdered in
Mississippi at the age of 14 after reportedly flirting with a white woman. Till
was from Chicago, Illinois, visiting his relatives in Money, Mississippi, in
the Mississippi Delta region, when he spoke to 21-year-old Carolyn Bryant, the
married proprietor of a small grocery store there. Several nights later,
Bryant's husband Roy and his half-brother J. W. Milam went to Till's
great-uncle's house. They took Till away to a barn, where they beat him and
gouged out one of his eyes, before shooting him through the head and disposing
of his body in the Tallahatchie River, weighting it with a 70-pound (32 kg)
cotton gin fan tied around his neck with barbed wire. Three days later, Till's
body was discovered and retrieved from the river.
928. John F. Kennedy A.K.A John
Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), commonly known as
"Jack" or by his initials JFK,
was the 35th President of the United States, serving from January 1961 until he
was assassinated in November 1963.
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| Ryan in 1977–1978 |
929. Leo
Joseph Ryan, Jr. (May 5, 1925 – November 18, 1978) was an American
teacher and politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the U.S.
Representative from California's 11th congressional district from 1973 until
his assassination in 1978.
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Albert Lewis Owens
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930. Albert
Lewis Owen (April 6, 1952 to February 28, 1979)
931. Etan Kalil Patz (October 9, 1972 - declared
legally dead in 2001) was an American child who was six years old
when he disappeared in Lower Manhattan, New York City, on May 25, 1979. He is
the most famous missing child of New York City. His disappearance helped spark
the missing children's movement, including new legislation and various methods
for tracking down missing children, such as the milk-carton campaigns of the
mid-1980s. Etan was the first ever missing child to be pictured on the side of
a milk carton.
932. Susan
Jordan (Died: October 28, 1980)
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| Sabrina Gonsalves (left) and John Riggins (right) |
933-934. John Riggins and Sabrina Gonsalves (Died:
December 22, 1980)
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